The digital era has transformed communication, but it has also given rise to new forms of crime, including cyber harassment and online stalking. In Kerala, as in many parts of India, women are particularly vulnerable to these online threats, leading to severe emotional, psychological, and social consequences. This case study  aims to highlight the legal recourse available for women facing cyber threats and the critical role cyber crime lawyers play in leveraging the provisions of the Information Technology (IT) Act.

Understanding Cyber Harassment and Online Stalking

Cyber harassment encompasses a range of malicious activities, including cyberbullying, online defamation, threats, and the unauthorized sharing of private content. Online stalking involves persistent monitoring, unwanted communications, and tracking of an individual's online activities, often leading to fear and distress.

The internet has made life easier, but it has also given rise to a serious issue—cyber harassment and online stalking. Many individuals, especially women and professionals, face threats, blackmail, and abuse online. Victims often feel helpless, not knowing how to fight back legally. This is where experienced high court advocates in Trivandrum play a crucial role in bringing justice and ensuring safety.

The Growing Threat of Cyber Harassment

With social media, emails, and instant messaging, cybercriminals find new ways to harass and stalk individuals. Online threats, fake profiles, doxxing (revealing personal information), and even deepfake videos have become common. Many victims hesitate to report due to fear of social stigma or lack of awareness about legal options. However, seeking legal action with the help of the best high court lawyer can stop the harassment and ensure justice.

How Rohith Associates Helped a Victim of Cyber Harassment

A young entrepreneur from Kerala became a victim of online stalking when an anonymous individual started sending threatening messages, spreading false information, and posting private pictures without consent. The victim initially ignored it, but the situation worsened when the stalker created fake accounts to harass her clients.

Feeling trapped and helpless, she reached out to Rohith Associates, one of the best high court advocate teams in Kerala. The firm immediately took action by:

  •  Identifying the culprit through cyber investigation and legal notices

  • Filing a police complaint under IT laws and IPC sections related to online harassment

  •  Securing a restraining order to prevent further online abuse

  •  Assisting the victim in removing defamatory content from the internet

With the expertise of senior advocates in Kerala High Court, the case was resolved swiftly, leading to the arrest of the offender and ensuring that the victim’s online presence was secured.

Challenges in Cyber Harassment Cases

Despite strict cyber laws, many victims face hurdles when seeking justice:

  • Anonymity of Offenders – Many stalkers use fake accounts, making identification difficult.

  • Delayed Action – Law enforcement agencies may take time to respond to complaints.

  • Lack of Awareness – Many victims don’t know their rights or legal remedies.

This is why working with famous advocates in Kerala High Court is essential. They can ensure quick action, protect victims’ privacy, and bring offenders to justice.

What to Do If You Are Being Harassed Online?

  1. Collect Evidence and Report It

Take screenshots, save messages, and document all interactions. Report the offender to the platform (Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, etc.) and file an online complaint with the cybercrime cell.

  1. Seek Legal Assistance from Experts

If the harassment continues, consult criminal lawyer in high court specialists like Rohith Associates. They can guide you on filing an FIR, taking legal action, and securing court protection.

  1. Protect Your Digital Identity

Change passwords, enable two-factor authentication, and limit personal information online. If necessary, take legal steps to remove defamatory content with the help of best advocate in the high court.

If you or someone you know is facing cyber harassment, don’t stay silent. Reach out to Rohith Associates, leading high court advocates in Trivandrum, for immediate legal support.


Legal Framework in Kerala

  1. Information Technology Act, 2000

    • Section 66A (Struck down in 2015 but previously addressed offensive messages): Though no longer valid, its history underscores the evolution of cyber laws.

    • Section 66C: Penalizes identity theft.

    • Section 66D: Addresses cheating by personation using computer resources.

    • Section 66E: Prohibits capturing, publishing, or transmitting private images without consent.

    • Section 67: Punishes publishing or transmitting obscene material in electronic form.

  2. Indian Penal Code (IPC)

    • Section 354D: Defines and penalizes stalking, including online stalking.

    • Section 509: Addresses acts intended to insult the modesty of a woman.

    • Section 499 & 500: Cover defamation, applicable to online content.

  3. State-Specific Initiatives

    • Kerala Police's Cyberdome Project: A public-private partnership aimed at tackling cybercrime.

    • Dedicated cyber cells in each district to assist victims.

Notable Incidents:

  1. Fake Social Media Profiles to Sabotage Marriages (September 2024): In a disturbing case, a 55-year-old man from Nedumbassery created fake Facebook accounts impersonating a woman and another individual. He exchanged obscene messages between these accounts and sent the fabricated conversations to their families, intending to disrupt their marriages. The accused was arrested by the Aluva Cyber Police. 

  2. Suicide Due to Cyberbullying by Ex-Partner (May 2023): Athira VM, a 26-year-old woman from Kottayam district, died by suicide after enduring persistent cyber harassment from her former partner. Despite ending the relationship, the accused continued to abuse and threaten her online. He was subsequently booked for abetment of suicide. 

  3. Cyberbullying Leading to Student's Suicide (Mid-2024): A 12th-grade student in Kerala ended her life due to relentless cyberbullying. This tragic incident highlights the severe impact of online harassment on young individuals. 

  4. Cyberbullying of Public Figures (2023): The state has also seen an increase in cyberbullying against celebrities and public figures. In 2022, 45 cases of cyberstalking or bullying were registered, a significant rise from 19 cases in 2021. Many victims choose not to come forward, underscoring the need for supportive legal and social frameworks. 

Government Initiatives:

Recognizing the gravity of the situation, the Kerala government allocated Rs 2 crore in February 2025 to combat cyberbullying and online financial fraud. This fund aims to establish an efficient system in coordination with various departments to take legal action against cybercriminals and conduct financial literacy campaigns. 

The increasing incidents of cyber harassment in Kerala highlight the pressing need for comprehensive legal measures and public awareness campaigns. Lawyers play a pivotal role in assisting victims to navigate the legal system, ensuring that perpetrators are held accountable under the provisions of the Information Technology Act and other relevant laws. Collaborative efforts between the government, legal professionals, and civil society are essential to create a safer online environment for all.

The Role of Lawyers

  1. Legal Counseling: Educating victims about their rights and the legal options available.

  2. Filing Complaints: Assisting in drafting and filing First Information Reports (FIRs) and complaints with cyber cells.

  3. Court Representation: Representing victims in court proceedings, ensuring their voices are heard.

  4. Data Privacy Advocacy: Guiding victims on data protection and preventive measures.

Challenges in Combating Cyber Harassment

  • Awareness Gaps: Many victims remain unaware of their legal rights and the procedures for filing complaints.

  • Delayed Justice: Legal processes can be lengthy, leading to victim fatigue.

  • Technological Barriers: Rapid advancements in technology make tracking offenders complex.

Recommendations

  • Strengthen awareness campaigns about cyber laws and victim rights.

  • Implement faster grievance redressal mechanisms.

  • Encourage collaboration between law enforcement, legal experts, and tech professionals.

  • Promote digital literacy to help individuals recognize and report cybercrimes promptly.

By understanding the legal recourse available and the pivotal role lawyers play, women can be better equipped to face and overcome the challenges posed by cyber harassment and online stalking in Kerala.


Conclusion

Cyber harassment and online stalking are pressing issues in Kerala, demanding robust legal responses and proactive measures. Lawyers play a pivotal role in navigating the legal landscape, empowering victims, and advocating for safer digital spaces. Enhancing awareness, streamlining legal processes, and leveraging technology are crucial steps toward combating these modern-day challenges.